What Are the Key Differences Between Ovarian Cancer and Ovarian Cysts?
There are many types of gynecological diseases, among which ovarian cyst and ovarian cancer are relatively common clinically, and they have a significant impact on women's health. We all know that ovarian cyst is a benign tumor, while ovarian cancer is a malignant tumor. However, since both diseases occur in the ovaries, the symptoms they cause in the body are somewhat similar, and many women tend to confuse ovarian cancer with ovarian cyst. What are the differences between ovarian cancer and ovarian cyst?
Firstly, they differ in nature. The biggest difference between ovarian cyst and ovarian cancer is that one is benign while the other is malignant. Generally speaking, women are prone to ovarian cyst during the period of active hormone secretion, but after menopause, the cyst usually resolves slowly by itself. In contrast, ovarian cancer will only worsen over time and threaten the patient's life if not treated promptly.
Secondly, they have different causes. The occurrence of ovarian cyst is related to excessive hormone levels and long-term stimulation by estrogen. However, the cause of ovarian cancer is still unclear and is considered to be related to early menarche, no childbearing history, genetics, especially a family history of ovarian cancer, breast cancer, or other cancers.
Thirdly, they manifest differently. There are no obvious symptoms in the early stages of ovarian cyst, so many women discover it during gynecological exams. Alternatively, symptoms may become apparent when the cyst grows larger and complications arise, mainly manifesting as abdominal masses, pressure symptoms, and different symptoms depending on the location of the pressure. For instance, when the cyst presses on the intestines, the patient may experience upper abdominal discomfort and decreased appetite. When it presses on the diaphragm, it can cause symptoms such as dyspnea and palpitations. Some people may also experience severe pain due to the rotation of the ovarian cyst within the body.
On the other hand, ovarian cancer can also present with symptoms such as abdominal bloating, decreased appetite, and dyspnea at different stages. Overall, the symptoms of ovarian cyst and ovarian cancer are quite similar. To avoid misdiagnosis, it is recommended that patients undergo professional examinations and further diagnosis, such as ultrasound, CT, or MRI, followed by targeted treatment.
Lastly, they differ in treatment. Ovarian cyst usually requires surgical treatment to prevent complications such as torsion of the cyst pedicle. Laparoscopic cystectomy can be used, and recovery is generally rapid with proper postoperative care. However, the treatment of ovarian cancer is more complex and challenging. Clinically, comprehensive treatment is generally adopted, including surgical resection in the early stages, followed by chemotherapy and other methods to consolidate the curative effect and strive to eliminate cancer cells and prevent their spread.
Although there are significant differences between ovarian cyst and ovarian cancer, we should take both diseases seriously and take timely treatment measures regardless of the diagnosis, as they can have significant impacts on our lives, especially ovarian cancer, which can be life-threatening if not treated promptly.
