Translation of the provided text into English with and tags:
Children can undergo enema, but it is not recommended for young children as a treatment method. The purpose of enema is to deliver medication into the intestine to treat diseases. During enema, extreme caution must be exercised. If the doctor performs the procedure improperly or lacks experience, it can easily lead to intestinal damage, bleeding, or even perforation. Frequent enemas can also easily stimulate the intestine and disrupt the intestinal flora, causing inflammatory infections.
Advantages of Enema for Children:
1. Short-term intermittent enema has little impact on the body and few adverse reactions, making it a good method for relieving constipation, especially for acute constipation such as acute fecal impaction.
2. This method can sometimes be used to stimulate the rectum, helping to re-establish the rectal defecation reflex. It is useful for the early treatment of some constipation patients.
3. Enema therapy is also a basic treatment method for constipation in children, commonly used for idiopathic constipation or congenital megacolon in children.
4. For severe constipation patients who have not responded to dietary therapy, oral laxatives, and other methods, enema is often the last resort for relieving constipation.
Disadvantages of Enema for Children:
1. Bone marrow damage: The medication dosage for enemas is large and not strictly regulated. Until now, there is no national advocacy or strict standard to follow. People tend to misuse medications, both oral and intravenous, by administering them all through enemas. Most of the so-called empirical prescriptions exceed the dosage for oral or intravenous use by many times.
2. Low absorption rate: The rectal mucosa has few folds, no villi, small liquid capacity, and a relatively small absorption area, resulting in slow drug absorption and limited entry into the bloodstream.
3. Infection and diarrhea: Rectal drip infusion is unsafe and non-sterile. The intestine contains many bacteria that can potentially enter deeper into the intestine along with the infusion fluid, causing contamination. In particular, some antibiotics may kill beneficial bacteria in the intestine, causing imbalance in the intestinal flora, leading to secondary infections and diarrhea.
