Can nasal decongestants cause low blood pressure?

Potential Side Effects of Rhinitis Medications and Precautions

Rhinitis medications may cause hypotension, particularly in patients taking high doses of antihistamines, ephedrine-based drugs, and licorice-containing medications. If adverse symptoms arise, immediate medical attention is necessary, and medication should be administered as prescribed by a physician.

1. High-Dose Antihistamine Use: Medications such as Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride Tablets and Chlorpheniramine Maleate Tablets, which belong to the H1 receptor antagonists category, are primarily used for allergic rhinitis. They function by blocking H1 receptors to alleviate allergic reactions. However, high doses may lead to hypotension, increased heart rate, palpitations, and other adverse effects; therefore, rhinitis patients should avoid excessive use.

2. Ephedrine-Based Drugs: Medications like Ephedrine Hydrochloride Nasal Drops are commonly used for nasal congestion and rhinorrhea caused by acute rhinitis or allergic rhinitis. They work by constricting blood vessel smooth muscles. Overdosage of ephedrine-based drugs can cause accelerated heart rate, palpitations, irritability, and possibly urinary difficulties and worsening nasal congestion; thus, rhinitis patients should refrain from excessive use.

3. Licorice-Containing Medications: For instance, Compound Liquorice Tablets, categorized as antitussive and expectorant drugs, contain liquorice extract with strong mucosal protective properties. They also contain glycyrrhizine, which may lead to elevated blood pressure, nausea, vomiting, abdominal distention, and other adverse reactions. Therefore, rhinitis patients should avoid using licorice-containing medications.

4. Other Medications: Such as Amoxicillin Capsules and Cold Relief Granules. Amoxicillin Capsules may cause allergic reactions like rash and drug fever, while the adverse effects of Cold Relief Granules are currently unclear. Rhinitis patients should also avoid these medications.

Despite containing various components, rhinitis medications do not elevate blood pressure and should not be used for hypertension treatment. If hypertension occurs, prompt consultation with an otolaryngologist is recommended for diagnosis through visual examination, blood tests, and other necessary evaluations, followed by treatment as prescribed.