What are the symptoms indicating unsuccessful embryo transfer? And what are the possible reasons for it?

Failure in test-tube transplantation may lead to menstrual bleeding and vaginal bleeding. First, menstrual bleeding: We all know that menstruation will not occur during pregnancy and will resume normally after childbirth. If menstruation occurs normally after embryo transfer in IVF, it indicates that the transfer has failed. If you want to try another transfer, you should first inform your doctor, and then undergo relevant diagnosis based on the reasons for failure, followed by effective physical conditioning to improve the success rate of the next embryo transfer.

Second, vaginal bleeding: (1) Stimulation of cervical mucosa: In the early stages after embryo transfer, there may be a small amount of coffee-colored bloody discharge from the vagina, which may be due to contact with cervical erosion during the embryo transfer process, or may be caused by minor bleeding after stimulation of the cervical mucosa during the transfer process.

(2) Ectopic pregnancy: Previous history of artificial abortion, pelvic inflammatory disease, pelvic adhesion, tubal surgery, or ectopic pregnancy surgery can all be risk factors for ectopic pregnancy, which can lead to bleeding. If bleeding is excessive and persistent, it is recommended to seek medical attention as soon as possible to determine the cause.

A healthy endometrium is necessary for successful embryo implantation. If there are issues with the endometrium, such as endometritis, thin endometrium, or uterine polyps, it can lead to failure of embryo transfer because these conditions can decrease the receptive capacity of the endometrium. Therefore, it is necessary to check for abnormalities in the uterus before embryo transfer, and if any issues are found, they should be treated.

If there is hydrosalpinx in the fallopian tubes, it can reduce the implantation rate and pregnancy rate of embryo transfer, and may even lead to direct failure of embryo transfer. Therefore, if hydrosalpinx is present in the fallopian tubes before embryo transfer, ligation or resection of the tubes may be necessary to prevent the impact of hydrosalpinx on embryo implantation.

Chromosomes are an important factor in embryonic development. However, the abnormal rate of chromosomes in embryos cultured in vitro can reach approximately 40%, and these chromosomally abnormal embryos are indistinguishable from normal embryos. Many patients experience chromosomal abnormalities in the embryos implanted in the uterus, so genetic screening before embryo implantation can be used to select chromosomally normal embryos for transfer.