"What Are the Nursing Measures for Multiple Myeloma?"
Multiple myeloma is a malignant disease that seriously affects bones and skeletons. Many patients experience symptoms such as bone pain and fractures, while others may develop bony masses. Clinically, the treatment of multiple myeloma is challenging, and in addition to routine treatment, relevant nursing measures are also necessary. These nursing measures can be tailored to the specific symptoms presented. So, what are the nursing measures for multiple myeloma?
1. Nursing for Bleeding
When patients with multiple myeloma exhibit obvious bleeding symptoms, they should rest in bed until the bleeding stops, and then gradually increase their activity levels. Closely observe the bleeding site and amount, and pay attention to any skin or mucosal bruises, gingival bleeding, nasal bleeding, hematemesis, hematochezia, hematuria, and excessive menstrual bleeding in female patients. It is particularly important to observe for symptoms of intracranial bleeding such as headache, vomiting, blurred vision, and consciousness disturbances. Emergency treatment should be given in case of bleeding in vital organs or hemorrhagic shock.
2. Nursing for Anemia
General nursing measures for anemia in patients include rest, activity, and diet. Patients with mild anemia can engage in appropriate exercise, such as walking within a safe range, but should avoid prolonged activity to prevent excessive fatigue. Patients with severe anemia should rest in bed, avoid strenuous exercise, and receive oxygen therapy. Patients should consume light and easily digestible foods, with a focus on foods rich in vitamins and proteins. Foods that are beneficial for blood replenishment should also be consumed in moderation to maintain a balanced diet without being picky. When patients need blood transfusions to maintain normal levels, it is important to ensure that the transfusion speed is not too fast.
3. Nursing for Infection Prevention
Daily ventilation of the room and exposure to sunlight can help maintain good indoor air circulation and create a dry and clean living environment, effectively preventing infection symptoms in patients. It is important to wash hands frequently before and after meals to develop good self-care habits. Additionally, maintaining good hygiene practices such as regular mouth rinsing, bathing, and keeping the oral cavity, skin, perianal area, eyes, and nose clean and hygienic are crucial.
