"What Causes Ascites Due to Liver Cirrhosis?"

Cirrhosis of the Liver and Its Complication: Ascites

Cirrhosis of the liver is a pathological state that arises from the progression of various chronic liver diseases to their end-stage, characterized primarily by portal hypertension, hypersplenism, and hypoproteinemia. One of the common complications of cirrhosis is ascites.

1. Elevated Portal Pressure: When a patient is in the decompensated stage of cirrhosis, it can lead to dilation of the portal vein and decreased elasticity of the vessel wall, thereby causing increased portal pressure.

2. Decreased Albumin Levels: In the early stages of cirrhosis, liver cells undergo varying degrees of damage, leading to appetite loss. Prolonged malnutrition can result in significant protein loss, contributing to hypoproteinemia and, subsequently, the development of ascites.

3. Lymphatic Return Impairment: Normally, fluids in the body circulate through the bloodstream. However, in some tissues and organs with sparse or blocked capillary networks, water cannot be efficiently excreted, leading to edema and ascites over time.

4. Other Causes: Factors such as sodium and water retention, increased secretion of antidiuretic hormone, and decreased glomerular filtration rate can also trigger this symptom.

For ascites caused by the above conditions, it is recommended to seek prompt medical attention to avoid further complications. Clinically, medications like spironolactone tablets and furosemide injections can be prescribed to alleviate symptoms. When necessary, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) can be performed to manage the condition.

In daily life, it is important to maintain a balanced diet, avoid spicy and irritating foods, and increase water intake appropriately, which can help promote metabolism and support recovery.