"Why Does Shingles Cause Severe Pain?"

Why Herpes Zoster Causes Severe Pain

The excruciating pain associated with herpes zoster primarily stems from the virus's invasion of nerve endings. When the body's immune system weakens, the latent varicella-zoster virus within the body becomes activated and travels along sensory nerves into the skin, replicating extensively locally and initiating an inflammatory response.

Causes

Herpes zoster is an acute infectious skin disease caused by the varicella-zoster virus. It primarily spreads through respiratory droplets or direct contact and can also enter the body through broken skin. Individuals with pre-existing immune function deficiencies are more susceptible to developing this condition.

Symptoms

Herpes zoster typically manifests on one side of the body, distributed in a single area along the peripheral nerves. It presents as clustered papules and blisters accompanied by pronounced pain, burning sensations, or intense itching akin to needle pricks. As the disease progresses, skin lesions gradually increase in number and size, forming large, irregularly shaped erythematous patches with transparent fluid exudation. Concurrent symptoms may include fever and fatigue.

Treatment

Upon diagnosis of herpes zoster, prompt antiviral therapy is recommended. Topical application of acyclovir cream, along with oral administration of valacyclovir dispersible tablets or famciclovir capsules, are commonly prescribed. For severe pain, analgesics such as ibuprofen capsules or acetaminophen granules can be used. Additionally, maintaining local hygiene, avoiding scratching or squeezing, and preventing secondary bacterial infections are crucial.