What are the symptoms of vascular malformation?

For people with vascular malformations, there may be symptoms such as palpitations, shortness of breath, headache, nausea, and coma. Vascular malformations may also lead to obstruction and bleeding complications. Currently, most vascular malformations are related to congenital genetic factors. The main treatment method for vascular malformations is drug therapy, and if necessary, stents may need to be implanted in the blood vessels.

Due to cerebral hemorrhage caused by rupture of cerebral aneurysms, intracranial pressure increases, leading to symptoms of intracranial hypertension, clinically manifesting as headache, nausea, vomiting, etc.

These are commonly seen in cardiac vascular malformations that lead to obstruction, manifesting as cardiovascular ischemia symptoms such as palpitations and chest tightness. Early treatment is crucial to avoid cardiac arrest.

Vascular malformations complicated with bleeding, obstruction, etc., if continuously progressive, can lead to a decrease in the patient's level of consciousness, sluggish or no response to external stimuli, difficulty in waking up or inability to wake up, manifesting as coma.

Sclerosing agents such as sodium morrhuate are generally used. 5% sodium morrhuate or other sclerosing agents are injected into the lesion cavity to fibrose and lock the lesion tissue, resulting in the reduction or disappearance of the lesion. The dosage should be individualized and determined based on the size of the lesion.

Glucocorticoids. Common drugs include prednisolone, which is suitable for hemangiomas in infants and children because their vascular wall endothelial cell layer is still in an embryonic state and is more sensitive to hormone treatment. Taking prednisolone can significantly reduce or even stop the growth of the tumor.