What Are the Characteristic Pathological Features of Tuberculosis?

The lesions of tuberculosis usually exhibit characteristics of exudation, proliferation, and necrosis. During the course of the disease, it may manifest as one or all three of these characteristics, and it is necessary to actively cooperate with doctors for treatment.

Tuberculosis is usually caused by infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. After the onset of the disease, patients may develop exudative lesions, mainly manifesting as edema and congestion. Early exudative lesions can be seen with eosinophilic and neutrophilic granulocytes, which will gradually be replaced by mononuclear phagocytes as the disease progresses.

During the proliferative stage, there is initially a transient exudation. As the disease continues to develop, tuberculous nodules and tuberculous granulomas may appear.

This stage is usually the most typical pathological change associated with tuberculosis, commonly seen in patients with low immune function and excessive bacterial load. At this time, the Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the exudative lesions will continue to proliferate, and it is prone to caseous necrosis or calcification.

After the above situations occur, patients can take drugs such as ethambutol hydrochloride tablets, rifampicin tablets, and rifampicin isoniazid capsules under the doctor's advice, which can achieve the effect of anti-tuberculosis. If the condition is severe, it is recommended to seek medical attention at a formal hospital.